Questionnaire Instrument to Measure Elementary Education Teachers' Bullying Awareness

Nusrotus Sa’idah(1), Linda Indiyarti Putri(2), Fathur Rohman(3), Aris Abdul Ghoni(4), Yushinta Eka Farida(5), Oscar Ndayizeye(6),

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46843/jiecr.v6i4.2310


(1) Universitas Islam Nahdlatul Ulama, Indonesia
(2) Universitas Wahid Hasyim, Indonesia
(3) Universitas Islam Nahdlatul Ulama, Indonesia
(4) Universitas Wahid Hasyim, Indonesia
(5) Universitas Islam Nahdlatul Ulama, Indonesia
(6) Burundi Higher Teacher Training University (ENS), Burundi

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of bullying in elementary schools has raised serious concerns regarding the safety and well-being of students. This study aims to develop and validate a theoretically grounded instrument to assess elementary school teachers' awareness of bullying behavior. A total of 121 teachers from Central Java participated as respondents. The instrument was developed based on the Olweus Bullying Questionnaire (OBQ) and the Bullying and Cyberbullying Scale (BCS), covering four key dimensions: bullying detection, behavioral changes, causes of bullying, and preventive actions. Content validity was assessed using Aiken's V analysis, while construct validity was examined through Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), demonstrating a satisfactory model fit (CFI > 0.90, RMSEA < 0.08). Reliability analysis indicated excellent internal consistency, with Cronbach's ? and McDonald's ? values exceeding 0.90. The findings confirm that the developed instrument is both valid and reliable in measuring teachers' awareness of bullying. This research contributes to the development of assessment tools in education, providing a practical framework for improving teachers' roles in bullying prevention and intervention in elementary schools.

Keywords

Bullying Awareness, Elementary Education, Teacher Perception, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA)

Full Text:

PDF

References

Acquadro, D. M., Tirassa, M., & Begotti, T. (2017). Teachers' Intervention in School Bullying: A Qualitative Analysis on Italian Teachers. Frontiers in Education, 2(36).

Aiken, L. R. (1980). Content Validity and Reliability of Single Items or Questionnaires. Educational and Psychological Measurement.

Besnili, Z. N., & Tanrikulu, I. (2021). Development and Validation of the Preschool Peer Bullying Scale-Teacher Form. Journal of Psychologists and Counsellors in Schools, 31(1), 46–62.

Chow, A. R. W., Pingault, J.-B., & Baldwin, J. R. (2023). Early Risk Factors for Joint Trajectories of Bullying Victimisation and Perpetration. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 32(9), 1723–1731.

Cuevas, A. G., Ong, A. D., Carvalho, K., Ho, T., Chan, S. W. C., Allen, J. D., Chen, R., Rodgers, J., Biba, U., & Williams, D. R. (2020). Discrimination and Systemic Inflammation: A Critical Review and Synthesis. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 89, 465–479.

Dewi, S., Zamroni, M. A., & Leksono, A. A. (2024). Penanaman Sikap Moderasi Beragama pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar Melalui Pembelajaran PAI. Irsyaduna: Jurnal Studi Kemahasiswaaan, 4(1), 1–15.

Gonçalves, F. G., Heldt, E., Peixoto, B. N., Rodrigues, G. A., Filipetto, M., & Guimarães, L. S. P. (2016). Construct Validity and Reliability of Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire – Brazilian Version. Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica, 29(1), 27.

Hamdani, J., & Apriani, E. (2024). Strategi Penanaman Nilai Moderasi Beragama pada Siswa Melalui Pembelajaran PAI (Studi di SD Negeri 010 Melayu Besar Rohil). Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 6(6).

Jabeen, S., Gul, F., & Hanif, S. (2022). Perception and Behavior of Teachers About Teacher Targeted Bullying and Its Prevention in Tertiary Education Institutes. Sustainable Business and Society in Emerging Economies, 4(2).

Junindra, A., Fitri, H., & Murni, I. (2022). Peran Guru Terhadap Perilaku Bullying di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Basicedu, 6(1), 1-8.

Kurnianingrum, T. P. (2023). Darurat Kasus Perundungan Anak di Dunia Pendidikan Indonesia. Info Singkat, 15(19), 21–25.

Lin, M., Wolke, D., Schneider, S., & Margraf, J. (2020). Bullying History and Mental Health in University Students: The Mediator Roles of Social Support, Personal Resilience, and Self-Efficacy. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 10, 960.

Lu, L., Jian, S., Dong, M., Gao, J., Zhang, T., Chen, X., Zhang, Y., Shen, H., Chen, H., Gai, X., & Liu, S. (2020). Childhood Trauma and Suicidal Ideation Among Chinese University Students: The Mediating Effect of Internet Addiction and School Bullying Victimisation. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, 29, e152.

Mahriza, R., Rahmah, M., & Santi, N. E. (2020). Stop Bullying: Analisis Kesadaran dan Tindakan Preventif Guru pada Anak Pra Sekolah. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 5(1), 891–899.

Menteri Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi RI. (2023). Permendikbudristek Nomor 46 Tahun 2023 Tentang Pencegahan dan Penanganan Kekerasan di Lingkungan Satuan Pendidikan.

Ninda, R., & Marhamah, M. (2023). Psikologi Pendidikan Terkait dengan Proses Perkembangan dan Hubungan dengan Proses Belajar. Jurnal Ilmiah Kanderang Tingang, 14(1), 185–191.

Ningtias, A. (2024). Integrasi Moderasi Beragama dalam Kurikulum SD. Journal of Education, 2(2).

Olweus, D. (n.d.). Bullying in Schools: Facts and Intervention.

Olweus, D. (2013). Bullying at School: What We Know and What We Can Do. Wiley.

Orçan, F. (2023). Comparison of Cronbach's Alpha and McDonald's Omega for Ordinal Data: Are They Different? International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education, 10(4), 709–722.

Pebriana, S. H. A., & Supriyadi, S. (2024). Fenomena Verbal Bullying Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, 1(3), 13.

Retnawati, H. (2016). Analisis Kuantitatif Instrumen Penelitian. Parama Publishing.

Retnowuni, A., & Yani, A. L. (2022). Ekplorasi Pelaku Bullying di Pesantren. Borobudur Nursing Review, 2(2).

Rizky, D. F., & Yuningsih, Y. (2024). Fenomena Perilaku Bullying sebagai Bentuk Kenakalan Remaja. Jurnal Ilmiah Perlindungan dan Pemberdayaan Sosial (Lindayasos), 6(1), 26–33.

Simbolon, P. N. B., & Harahap, M. M. (2024). Tinjauan Kriminologi Terhadap Anak sebagai Pelaku Bullying (Studi Kasus Binus School Serpong). Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik, 4(6), 2438–2449.

SIMFONI-PPA. (2024). Data Kasus Kekerasan. Kementerian Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Perlindungan Anak.

Smith, P. K. (2016). School-Based Interventions to Address Bullying. Eesti Haridusteaduste Ajakiri (Estonian Journal of Education), 4(2), 142–164.

Smith, P. K., & López-Castro, L. (2017). Cross-National Data on Victims of Bullying: How Does PISA Measure Up with Other Surveys? An Update and Extension of the Study by Smith, Robinson, and Marchi (2016). International Journal of Developmental Science, 11(3–4), 87–92.

Solberg, M. E., & Olweus, D. (2003). Prevalence Estimation of School Bullying with the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire. Aggressive Behavior, 29(3), 239–268.

Sripongplerd, P. (2023). Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Cyberbullying Among Undergraduate Students in Higher Education Institutions in Northeastern Thailand. Journal of Education and Learning, 13(1), 92.

Sutikno, M. A. F., Rahmawati, D., Prahmani, Y. S., Haris, A., Wulandari, T. D., & Astutianingtyas, D. F. (2023). Program Penguatan Ketahanan Pangan, Pengelolaan Sampah, Air dan Sanitasi Guna Mewujudkan Kampung Iklim Kelurahan Tugurejo. Jurnal Pemberdayaan Masyarakat, 2(2), 89-99.

Ten Bokkel, I. M., Stoltz, S. E. M. J., Van Den Berg, Y. H. M., De Castro, B. O., & Colpin, H. (2021). Speak Up or Stay Silent: Can Teacher Responses Towards Bullying Predict Victimized Students' Disclosure of Victimization? European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 18(6), 831–847.

UNICEF. (2020). Perundungan di Indonesia: Fakta-Fakta Kunci, Solusi, dan Rekomendasi. UNICEF.

Zinbarg, R. E., Revelle, W., Yovel, I., & Li, W. (2005). Cronbach's ?, Revelle's ?, and McDonald's ?H: Their Relations with Each Other and Two Alternative Conceptualizations of Reliability. Psychometrika, 70(1), 123–133.

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


View My Stats