The Sound Changes in the Minangkabau Language Spoken by Padang’s Ethnic Chinese

M. Wahyudi(1), Radia Fitri(2), Fahmi Achta Pratama(3), Romi Febrianto(4),

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46843/jiecr.v5i1.1106


(1) STEI Ar Risalah Sumatera Barat, Indonesia
(2) STEI Ar Risalah Sumatera Barat, Indonesia
(3) STEI Ar Risalah Sumatera Barat, Indonesia
(4) STAI Al Hikmah Pariangan, Indonesia

Abstract

Variations in Minangkabaunese sounds include the segmental phonemes of the Minangkabaunese spoken by the Chinese ethnic in Padang. This study aims to identify the types and rules of Minangkabaunese sound changes uttered by the Chinese. This used a qualitative descriptive approach. The data on the Minangkabaunese words spoken by the Chinese in Padang were obtained through participant observation and interviews addressing oral characteristics. The Minangkabaunese Swadesh list, recording equipment, and writing implements were used in this study. The findings show that the segmental phonemes of the Minangkabaunese voiced by ethnic Chinese in Padang deviate from standard Minangkabaunese. They use 18 out of 20 standard consonants, resulting in a disparity. The consonants /w/ and /z/ are nearly never used in standard Minangkabau. This study reveals that numerous elements, such as phonetic and phonological characteristics, affect the variations of the Minangkabaunese spoken by the Chinese in Padang. This study contributes to the advancement of linguistic theory, specifically language phonology. The findings of this study can be utilized to document the phonological system of the Minangkabaunese spoken by Chinese in Padang, which implicates the acceptance of Chinese ethnicity and diversity in Muslim-dominant Minangkabau regions. The finding shows that the MInangkabaunese language is an open system reflecting the culture of tolerance and respect for diversity.

Keywords

segmental phoneme; consonant; the sound change; Chinese ethnic; Minangkabaunese

Full Text:

PDF

References

Barany, D. A., Lacey, S., Matthews, K. L., Nygaard, L. C., & Sathian, K. (2023). Neural basis of sound-symbolic pseudoword-shape correspondences. Neuropsychologia, 188, 108657.

Beguš, G. (2022). Distinguishing cognitive from historical influences in phonology. Language, 98(1), 1–34.

Bjorndahl, C. (2022). Voicing and frication at the phonetics-phonology interface: An acoustic study of Greek, Serbian, Russian, and English. Journal of Phonetics, 92, 101–136.

Creel, S. C., & Frye, C. I. (2024). Minimal gains for minimal pairs: Difficulty in learning similar-sounding words continues into preschool. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 240, 105831.

Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (4th ed.). Pearson Education.

Foged, M., & van der Werf, C. (2023). Access to language training and the local integration of refugees. Labour Economics, 84(May).

Franzia, E., Piliang, Y. A., & Saidi, A. I. (2015). Manifestation of Minangkabau cultural identity through public engagement in virtual community. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 184, 56–62.

Garellek, M. (2022). Theoretical achievements of phonetics in the 21st century: Phonetics of voice quality. Journal of Phonetics, 94, 101155.

Garg, S., Hamarneh, G., Jongman, A., Sereno, J. A., & Wang, Y. (2020). ADFAC: Automatic detection of facial articulatory features. MethodsX, 7, 101006.

Gradoville, M. S., Brown, E. K., & File-Muriel, R. J. (2022). The phonetics of sociophonetics: Validating acoustic approaches to Spanish /s/. Journal of Phonetics, 91, 101125.

Halim, C., & Sampurno, S. R. L. A. (2013). Masyarakat Tionghoa di Solo dan organisasi sosial: Dari terbentuknya CMKH sampai PMS. Bandar Maulana, 4(1), 59–92.

Højlund, A., Horn, N. T., Sørensen, S. D., McGregor, W. B., & Wallentin, M. (2022). Foreign language learning and the mismatch negativity (MMN): A longitudinal ERP study. Neuroimage: Reports, 2(4).

Hussain, Q., & Mielke, J. (2021). An acoustic and articulatory study of rhotic and rhotic-nasal vowels of Kalasha. Journal of Phonetics, 87, 101028.

Imamah, F. Z., & Himmawati, D. R. (2017). Phonological adaptation of English loanwords to Indonesian words in Jawa Pos newspaper. Language Horizon, 4(2), 100–108.

Iskarous, K., & Pouplier, M. (2022). Advancements of phonetics in the 21st century: A critical appraisal of time and space in articulatory phonology. Journal of Phonetics, 95, 101195.

Ji, Y., Wei, J., Zhang, J., Fang, Q., Lu, W., Honda, K., & Lu, X. (2017). Speech behavior analysis by articulatory observations. Procedia Computer Science, 111, 463–470.

Jufrizal. (2012). Tatabahasa bahasa Minangkabau: Deskripsi dan telaah tipologi linguistik. UNP Press.

Lorenc, A., ?ygis, M., Mik, ?., Pape, D., & Sóskuthy, M. (2023). Articulatory and acoustic variation in Polish palatalised retroflexes compared with plain ones. Journal of Phonetics, 96, 101181.

Makmur, R., Kuswarno, E., Novianti, E., & Sjafirah, N. A. (2018). Bahasa Minang pondok dalam komunikasi antarbudaya masyarakat Tionghoa Kota Padang. Jurnal Kajian Komunikasi, 6(2), 133–146.

Mossadeq, N. M., Khairuddin, K. A. M., & Zakaria, M. N. (2022). Cross-cultural adaptation of the consensus auditory-perceptual evaluation of voice (CAPE-V) into Malay: A validity study. Journal of Voice.

Nishikawa, K., Akihiro, K., Hirakawa, R., Kawano, H., & Nakatoh, Y. (2022). Machine learning model for discrimination of mild dementia patients using acoustic features. Cognitive Robotics, 2, 21–29.

Pucher, M., Klingler, N., Luttenberger, J., & Spreafico, L. (2020). Accuracy, recording interference, and articulatory quality of headsets for ultrasound recordings. Speech Communication, 123, 83–97.

Safitri, N. E., Zahra, A., & Adriani, M. (2016). Spoken language identification with phonotactics methods on Minangkabau, Sundanese, and Javanese languages. Procedia Computer Science, 81, 182–187.

Siregar, E. D. (2022). Perubahan bunyi Proto Austronesia (PAN) pada bahasa Karo, bahasa Batak, bahasa Pakpak, bahasa Simalungun, bahasa Mandailing dan bahasa Angkola: Kajian linguistik historis komparatif dan fonologi. Sustainability (Switzerland), 4(1), 1–9.

Smith, R., & Rathcke, T. (2020). Dialectal phonology constrains the phonetics of prominence. Journal of Phonetics, 78, 100934.

Sugiyono. (2014). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta.

Tecoulesco, L., Skoe, E., & Naigles, L. R. (2020). Phonetic discrimination mediates the relationship between auditory brainstem response stability and syntactic performance. Brain and Language, 208(February), 104810.

Virtala, P., Kujala, T., Partanen, E., Hämäläinen, J. A., & Winkler, I. (2023). Neural phoneme discrimination in variable speech in newborns – Associations with dyslexia risk and later language skills. Brain and Cognition, 168(March 2022).

Weng, W. C., & Lee-Kim, S. I. (2023). Loss of unreleased final stops among Mandarin-Min bilinguals: Structural convergence of languages in contact. Journal of Phonetics, 101, 101279.

Wieling, M., Margaretha, E., & Nerbonne, J. (2012). Inducing a measure of phonetic similarity from pronunciation variation. Journal of Phonetics, 40(2), 307–314.

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


View My Stats